What Is The Protocol? In international politics, the protocol is the etiquette of diplomacy and state affairs, and it may also refer to an international agreement that supplements or modifies a treaty.
Protocol concept:
The protocol is usually described as a set of pillars of international courtesies. These well-established rules have made it easier for countries and people to live and work together. Therefore, part of the protocol has always been the recognition of the hierarchical status of all attendees. The rules of the protocol are based on the principles of urbanization.
Protocol overview:
A protocol is a rule that describes how to perform an activity, especially in the field of diplomacy. Protocols of endeavors in diplomatic services and government areas are often unwritten guidelines. Protocols specify appropriate and generally accepted behavior in state affairs and diplomacy such as: showing appropriate respect for the head of state and arranging diplomats in order Timetable for their adoption in court, etc.
Protocol background:
There are two meanings of the word “protocol” in the legal sense, which is defined as an international agreement that complements or amends a treaty, and in the diplomatic sense, the term refers to the set of rules, procedures, agreements, and ceremonies that relate to relations between states, so in general, a protocol represents the generally-recognized and accepted system of international courtesy.
The term protocol is derived from medieval French and Latin. At first, the term protocol concerned the various forms of interaction observed in official correspondence between states, which were often elaborate in nature but over time came to cover a much wider range of international relations.
The rules of the protocol to create a space where meetings can take place Despite what may seem contradictory, the framework of the protocol actually does not limit the space but rather creates it, so by ensuring a smooth organization event participants, especially those who act as a host can focus on the content of the event Without having to worry about the unexpected.
The other side of the protocol: its symbolic value; Protocol also has a symbolic value and the events and rituals, for example, the official start of the Parliamentary year and the Queen's speech in the UK, is meant to encode the democratic values of the country, so this is the case in every ceremony, which follows somewhat the same pattern as the exchange of rings and vows at weddings or Receiving a diploma at the graduation ceremony, symbols add meaning to the values of the community, along with all the credibility, strength and often beauty.
Difference between Protocol and Protocol Hierarchies
The data stream is not sent from one device to another directly but must pass through a number of layers, layers that are at the same levels are called peers and have a set of protocols for communication, and between each contiguous layer there is an interface that defines the services that are provided by a lower layer to the next higher layer, It also consists of peer layers and physical connections between adjacent layers.
Basic elements of the protocol
- Syntax, specifies the format of the data to be sent or received.
- Semantics, define the meaning of each bit that is transferred.
- Timings, determine the time at which data is transferred and the speed at which it is transferred.
What are protocol hierarchies?
Protocol hierarchies: It is a process in which most networks are organized as a stack of layers one on top of the other, and the number of layers and their names differ from one network to another and each layer has a specific function and adheres to the specified protocols and thus we get a set of protocols.
First: the working principle of protocol hierarchies
For example, if device “A” wants to send a message to device “B”, and device “A” passes its information to the top layer and as soon as the data stream reaches a layer, it performs some specific function on it and passes it to the layer below, and this continues until it reaches Stream data to the lowest layer.
Layer 1 passes bitstreams 0 and 1 to the physical medium which transmits it to Layer 1 of the receiving end. The upper layer is the message to device “B” in the same format sent by device “A”.
To reduce the difficulty of their design, most networks are organized as a stack of layers or levels and each one is built on one underneath. Details of how the services provided are actually implemented, and each layer is a type of virtual machine and provides certain services to the layer above it.
This concept is actually a familiar one and is used throughout computer science, where it is variously known as steganography, abstract data types, data encapsulation, and object-oriented programming. about them.
The “n” layer on one device holds a conversation with the “n” layer on another device. The rules and agreements used in this conversation are collectively known as the “n” layer protocol. Essentially, a protocol is an agreement between the connected parties about how the communication should continue. In fact, no data is transferred directly from the “n” layer on one device to the “n” layer on another device.
Instead, each layer passes data and control information to the layer directly below it until the lowest layer is reached. Below layer 1 is the physical medium through which the actual communication takes place, and a protocol is simply defined as a set of rules and regulations for data communication.
Basically, rules are assigned to each step and procedure at the time of communication between two or more computers as networks are required to adopt these protocols for successful data transmission, and all protocols can be used with hardware or software approval or both.
Second, the basics of protocol hierarchies
In general, computer networks consist of or contain a large number of hardware and software pieces. To simplify the network design, many networks are organized, as well as arranged as a stack of hardware and software layers one on top of the other, and the number, name, content, and function of each layer may vary and can vary from network to another.
The main purpose of each layer is simply to display and provide services to the existing upper layers, and each layer has a specific task or function, whereas in programming this concept is very common and networks are organized and arranged in the form of layers or different levels to reduce and reduce the complexity of network software design.
Third, the advantages of protocol hierarchies
- Layering generally reduces the complexity of communication between networks.
- Increases the life of the network.
- It also uses energy efficiently.
- It does not require a thorough knowledge and understanding of the network.
What is the difference between protocol and protocol hierarchies?
When presented with a set of packets, you will look for details that help you quickly assess their functionality. There is no more useful detail than the protocol encapsulated within these packets, and if you notice HTTP packets, you know that you have experienced an exchange of data between an HTTP client and server. DNS traffic You know a host is trying to resolve one piece of information from another piece of information, most likely as a prelude to direct communication.
Knowing the protocols used helps you determine the purpose of the communication and allows you to frame the questions used to further explain these packets. Most tools make it easier to identify the protocols used in the capture file, but visually interpreting this information becomes difficult with large captures, so summarization and preferred way to understand the protocols are required that may be present in the capture is to create a protocol hierarchy.
You can create a protocol hierarchy by selecting the “Protocol Hierarchy” option from the Statistics drop-down menu. It is the reason why the “HTTP” packet is listed below the “TCP” packet and both are listed below the “IP” packets.
It also provides the flexibility to right-click anything in that chart and use the context menu to filter or color packets directly. You can also use an inferential strategy by filtering out protocols that don't interest you directly from the protocol hierarchy screen. Once you've filtered things out you can save them The results are in a separate capture file for additional analysis.
- HTTP is an abbreviation for Hypertext Transfer Protocol.
- “IP” is an abbreviation for “Internet Protocol”.
- TCP is an acronym for Transmission Control Protocol.
- “DNS” is an abbreviation for “Domain Name System”.
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